Hamwe niterambere rihoraho ryubwubatsi bwumushinga wa UHV AC / DC, ibisubizo byubushakashatsi bwakozwe na UHV no gukwirakwiza ikoranabuhanga bigenda byiyongera, bitanga ubufasha bukomeye bwa tekinoloji n’ikoranabuhanga mu iyubakwa ry’uruganda mpuzamahanga rukoresha ingufu za interineti rufite ubushinwa.Hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryumuriro wamashanyarazi, ikibazo cyumuzunguruko mugufi cyahindutse buhoro buhoro ikintu gikomeye kigabanya imikurire yumuriro wa gride hamwe niterambere rya gride.
Ubushobozi bwo kumena amashanyarazi menshi-yamashanyarazi yamashanyarazi agena neza umutekano nubwizerwe bwa serivisi ndende kumashanyarazi.Kuva mu mwaka wa 2016, twishingikirije ku mishinga myinshi ya siyansi n’ikoranabuhanga ya Leta ya Grid Co., Ltd, ingufu z’ubushakashatsi ku mbuga za interineti ku isi, na PingGao Group Co. ibicuruzwa nyuma yimyaka itanu yubushakashatsi bwa siyanse.Ibi bifite akamaro kanini mugukemura ikibazo cyumuzunguruko mugufi urenze igipimo no kwemeza imikorere itekanye kandi ihamye ya AC / DC UHV amashanyarazi
Ubushakashatsi kubijyanye no kuzamura ibikoresho byumuzunguruko ugamije ibisabwa byingenzi
Dukurikije imibare ifatika, mu gihe cyo gukoresha ingufu z'amashanyarazi mu mpeshyi ya 2020, umuyoboro mugari muto w'amashanyarazi mu bice bikorerwamo na Leta ya Grid na Chine y'Amajyepfo bizagera kuri 63 Ka.Dukurikije imibare y’ikigo cya Leta gishinzwe amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa, mu myaka yashize, mu kunanirwa kwa 330kV no hejuru y’ibikoresho byo gusimbuza UHV mu bucuruzi bw’isosiyete, ukurikije ubwoko bw’ibikoresho, ingendo z’amakosa zatewe n’icyuma gikingira gaze gifunze icyuma ( GIS) n'ibikoresho byo gukwirakwiza imvange (HGIS) bingana na 27.5%, ibyuma bimena imashanyarazi bingana na 16.5%, ibyuma bihindura hamwe na transformers bigera kuri 13.8%, ibikoresho bya Secondary na bisi bingana na 8.3%, reaktor iba 4.6%, abafata bagera kuri 3.7 %, guhagarika inkoni ninkuba byagize 1.8%.Birashobora kugaragara ko GIS, kumena imashanyarazi, guhinduranya hamwe na transformateur yubu nibikoresho byingenzi bitera urugendo rwamakosa, bingana na 71,6% byurugendo rwose.
Isesengura ryamakosa ryerekana ko ibibazo byubwiza bwo guhura, bushing nibindi bice hamwe nuburyo bubi bwo kwishyiriraho nibintu nyamukuru biganisha kumakosa yameneka.Mugihe cyimikorere ya SF6 yamashanyarazi inshuro nyinshi, isuri ya inrush inshuro nyinshi kurenza igipimo cyagenwe hamwe no gukanika imashini hagati yimuka na static arc ihuza bizatera ihinduka ryimikorere kandi bitange imyuka yicyuma, byangiza imikorere yimikorere ya insulation icyumba kizimya arc.
Mugihe cyigihe cyimyaka cumi nine nagatanu, Intara ya Qinghai irateganya kwagura ubushobozi bwamashanyarazi abiri 500kV kugirango yongere umuvuduko wumurongo wumurongo uva kuri 63kA uhari ukagera kuri 80kA.Niba ibikoresho byo kumena ibintu byazamuwe hejuru, ubushobozi bwo gusimbuza bushobora kwagurwa bitaziguye, kandi ikiguzi kinini cyo kwagura insimburangingo kirashobora gukizwa.Ibihe byo kumena amashanyarazi menshi hamwe nubushobozi bunini bwumuzunguruko bigenzurwa cyane cyane nubuzima bwumuriro wamashanyarazi mumashanyarazi.Kugeza ubu, iterambere ryumuriro wamashanyarazi yumuriro mwinshi mubushinwa ushingiye ahanini kumuhanda wa tekiniki yumuringa wa tungsten.Imbere mu muringa tungsten alloy yamashanyarazi ntishobora guhura nibisabwa na ultra-high na ultra-high voltage injeniyeri mubijyanye no gukuraho arc no guterana no kwambara.Iyo zimaze gukoreshwa zirenze ubuzima bwa serivisi, zirashobora kongera kwinjira, ibyo bikaba bibangamira imikorere yimikorere yibikoresho byamashanyarazi kandi bigatera akaga gakomeye guhisha imikorere yumuriro wamashanyarazi.Umuringa tungsten alloy ibicuruzwa biva mumashanyarazi muri serivisi bifite ihinduka rito kandi rirambuye, kandi biroroshye kunanirwa no kuvunika mugikorwa, no kubura kwihanganira gukuraho.Mugihe cyo gukuraho arc, umuringa biroroshye kwegeranya no gukura, biganisha kumatumanaho kunanirwa.Niyo mpamvu, bifite akamaro kanini kunoza neza ibipimo ngenderwaho byingenzi byerekana ibikoresho byogukoresha amashanyarazi, nko kurwanya kwambara, gutwara, kurwanya gusudira, kurwanya isuri, kugabanya umuvuduko wo kunanirwa kumashanyarazi no gukomeza imikorere yumutekano kandi ihamye. grid.
Chen Xin, umuyobozi w'ikigo cy'ibikoresho, Academia Sinica, yagize ati: "Kugeza ubu, iyo umuyoboro mugari w'amashanyarazi urenze ubushobozi bwo kumena amashanyarazi, umuyoboro mugari urenze urugero, bikagira ingaruka zikomeye. imikorere yokwizerwa ya gride ya power, kandi igashyira imbere ibyangombwa bisabwa kugirango habeho ubushobozi bwo kumeneka kumashanyarazi no kurwanya abl. Nyuma yo guhura muri serivisi guhagarikwa kubushobozi bwuzuye inshuro nyinshi, arcing yangiritse cyane, ni ngombwa rero ko hakorwa ibishoboka byose kugira ngo habeho kubungabunga ibidukikije, bikaba bitarubahiriza ibisabwa kugira ngo habeho ubuzima bw’ubuzima bwa nyirarureshwa bwa SF6. "Yavuze ko isuri ry’itumanaho rituruka ahanini ku bintu bibiri: kimwe ni ugukuraho Uwiteka mbere yo gusenyuka arc mbere yo gufunga, naho ubundi ni imashini yambara nyuma ya arc guhuza ibikoresho biba byoroshye nyuma yo gukuraho.Ni nkenerwa gushyira imbere inzira nshya ya tekiniki kugirango tunonosore neza ibipimo ngenderwaho byingenzi byibikoresho byamashanyarazi "Ikoranabuhanga rigomba guhora ritezimbere kandi rishya.Tugomba gusobanukirwa neza gahunda mumaboko yacu."Chen Xin ati.
Imbere yo gukenera byihutirwa ibikoresho byogukwirakwiza amashanyarazi hamwe noguhindura ibikoresho kugirango hazamurwe ibikoresho byoguhuza amashanyarazi yibice byingenzi bigize amashanyarazi yamashanyarazi, guhera mu 2016, Ikigo cyibikoresho byamashanyarazi bishya byubushakashatsi, Ikigo cy’i Burayi, itsinda rya Pinggao hamwe n’ibindi bice bafatanyije gukora ubushakashatsi mu bya tekinike ku bikoresho bishya bya graphene byahinduwe bishingiye ku mashanyarazi, kandi bakora ubufatanye mpuzamahanga bushingiye ku kigo cy’i Burayi na kaminuza ya Manchester, mu Bwongereza.Mufasha kunoza imikorere ya voltage yamashanyarazi yameneka.
Itsinda rikorera hamwe kugirango bakemure ibibazo byinshi bya tekiniki
Gutezimbere guhuza imbaraga zo kurwanya arc no guterana no kwambara birwanya urufunguzo rwo kubyara umusaruro mwinshi w'amashanyarazi.Ubushakashatsi ku bikoresho by’amashanyarazi bikoresha amashanyarazi mu bihugu by’amahanga byatangiye kare, kandi ikoranabuhanga rirakuze, ariko ikoranabuhanga ryibanze rihagarikwa mu gihugu cyacu.Twishingikirije ku mishinga myinshi yubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga ya sosiyete, itsinda ryumushinga, ku bufatanye n’ubushobozi bw’ubushakashatsi bw’amahanga, kugenzura amatsinda y’inganda kugenzura no kwerekana imishinga y’ingufu z’intara, hashyizweho itsinda ry’ubuhanga n’ikoranabuhanga rifite "80" "umugongo nk'umubiri nyamukuru.
Abagize uruhare runini mu itsinda bashinze imizi mu murongo wa R & D mu cyiciro cya R & D uburyo bwo gutunganya ibintu no gutegura;Mu cyiciro cyo gukora igeragezwa, isosiyete yahagaze ku ruganda kugirango ikemure ibibazo bya tekiniki kurubuga, amaherezo irangiza ingorane zo kuringaniza imitungo yibintu, ibihimbano, imiterere yubuyobozi nuburyo bwo kwitegura, kandi itera intambwe mubuhanga bwingenzi. yo kunoza imikorere yibikoresho;Mu cyiciro cyibizamini byubwoko, nagumye mu itsinda rya Pinggao ryisuzumisha ryamashanyarazi, naganiriye na centre yikoranabuhanga ya Pinggao hamwe nitsinda rya voltage R & D inshuro nyinshi, mpinduranya inshuro nyinshi, amaherezo ngera ku gusimbuka kwiza mubushobozi bwo kumena hejuru voltage nini yumuzunguruko wamashanyarazi ubuzima bwamashanyarazi.
Hamwe nimbaraga zidahwema, itsinda ryubushakashatsi ryabonye uburyo bwiza bwo gukora graphene ishimangira umuringa ushingiye kubikoresho byo guhuza amashanyarazi, kumeneka hifashishijwe tekinoroji yingenzi ya graphene ibikoresho byoguhuza ibikoresho hamwe no gukora sinteri yinjira mububiko, kandi byabonye inganda gutegura ibikoresho byinshi bya graphene yahinduwe ibikoresho byamashanyarazi.Ku nshuro yambere, itsinda ryateje graphene yahinduwe umuringa tungsten alloy guhuza amashanyarazi kumashanyarazi ya sulfur hexafluoride yamenetse kuri 252kV no hejuru.Ibipimo ngenderwaho byingenzi nkibikorwa byogutwara imbaraga hamwe no kugonda imbaraga biruta ibyo mubicuruzwa bikora, bitezimbere cyane ubuzima bwamashanyarazi ya moteri ikora cyane ya voltage yamashanyarazi, yuzuza icyuho cya tekiniki mumashanyarazi ya graphene yahinduwe na voltage ihinduranya ibikoresho byamashanyarazi , Itezimbere isosiyete yigenga yubushakashatsi niterambere ryurwego rwohejuru kandi runini ruhindura amashanyarazi, kandi rufasha gukora neza kandi yizewe ya sisitemu yamashanyarazi.
Ibisubizo byumushinga bishyigikira igishushanyo cyigenga hamwe na progaramu ya progaramu ya break breaker
Kuva ku ya 29 kugeza ku ya 31 Ukwakira 2020, dukurikije gahunda nziza yo kugenzura yashyizweho n’ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi hamwe nitsinda rya Pinggao nyuma y’ibiganiro byinshi, ubwoko bushya bw’inkingi bwanditse bwa 252kV / 63kA SF6 bumena umuzenguruko w’itsinda rya Pinggao bushingiye ku mashanyarazi bwagezweho inshuro 20 yubushobozi bumwe bwo kumena ubushobozi.Zhong Jianying, injeniyeri mukuru w’itsinda rya Pinggao, yagize ati: "nkurikije ibitekerezo by’itsinda ry’impuguke zemerera umushinga, ikoranabuhanga rusange ry’umushinga rimaze kugera ku rwego mpuzamahanga, kandi ibipimo ngenderwaho bya tekinike byageze ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Gusa gutera intambwe mu ikoranabuhanga ry’ibanze dushobora kurushaho gufasha ibigo kugenzura ibiciro no kwemeza itangwa ry’ibikoresho by’ingenzi. Mu bihe biri imbere, dukwiye gukomeza gushimangira ubushakashatsi ku bijyanye n’ubuhanga bwa sisitemu no guteza imbere inganda mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe mu bumenyi. "
Ibi byagezweho bishyigikira byimazeyo igishushanyo cyigenga, iterambere hamwe nogukoresha murugo rwa 252kV ya feri ya feri ya posita yamashanyarazi hamwe numuyoboro mugari wa 63kA hamwe na 6300A mumatsinda ya Pinggao.252kV / 63kA ubwoko bwumuzunguruko wamashanyarazi ufite isoko ryinshi hamwe nubuso bwagutse.Iterambere ryiza ryubu bwoko bwumuzunguruko rifite uruhare runini mugutezimbere kurushaho guteza imbere amasoko yimbere mugihugu ndetse no mumahanga yamashanyarazi yimbere mu gihugu, bifasha mukuzamura imbaraga za R & D hamwe na tekiniki yikigo murwego rwo hejuru rwimyenda ihanitse. , kandi ifite inyungu nziza mubukungu nubukungu.
Isoko rikenerwa n’umuriro w'amashanyarazi mwinshi mu Bushinwa ni amaseti 300000 ku mwaka, kandi kugurisha isoko ku mwaka hafi miliyari 1.5.Ibikoresho bishya byamashanyarazi byamashanyarazi bifite isoko ryagutse mugihe kizaza cyiterambere rya gride.Kugeza ubu, ibyagezweho mu mushinga bigeze ku bufatanye no guhindura intego hamwe na Pinggao, Xikai, taikai hamwe n’indi mishinga ihindura amashanyarazi menshi, ishyiraho urufatiro rwo gusaba kwerekanwa nyuma no kuzamurwa mu ntera nini mu bijyanye na ultra-high voltage na ultra- amashanyarazi menshi yohereza no guhinduka.Itsinda ryumushinga rizakomeza kwibanda kumupaka wingufu nimbaraga za siyansi nikoranabuhanga, bikomeze gushimangira udushya nibikorwa, kandi bikomeze guteza imbere ubushakashatsi niterambere ryigenga no gukoresha ibikoresho byibanze kubikoresho byamashanyarazi yo murwego rwohejuru.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jul-08-2021